Many doctors call prostatitis for male menopause.This disease is diagnosed in 20% of cases in men after forty years, 70% - after sixty years and 90% of cases after seventy years.The disease can occur in two forms: acute and chronic prostatitis.This disease should be treated, especially since it is well lending to therapy.But many men ignore unpleasant symptoms, which leads to the development of many complications that become more difficult to heal.
The reasons for development
Acute prostatitis is an acute prostate pathology, which develops as a result of the infectious inflammatory process in the organ due to the penetration of pathogens in its tissue.The disease is characterized by the appearance of swelling of the gland, purulent content in its tissues.This leads to the appearance of many unpleasant symptoms, impaired functionality of the genitourinary system.
There are many causes of acute prostatitis.In most cases, it causedPathrotage microbes.Some of the microbes may exist in the body of a healthy person passively on the skin or intestine.Under the influence of some factors, they are activated, penetrate the gland tissues and multiply actively there.Often the disease appears due to STDs, for example,Chlamydia, ureaplasmosis, gonorrheaetc.
Also the acute form of prostatitis occurs as a complicationUrethritis.The microbes fall through the ducts that open in the urethra.In addition, the cause of prostatitis is often the dissemination of bacteria from other organs of the genitourinary system.Often, iron can be affectedDuring surgical manipulations, catheterization, diagnostic measures.
As there are a large amount of blood vessels in the prostate gland, the infection here can obtain a bloodstream in the presence of chronic pathologies in the body, for example,Tonsilitis, bronchitis etc.If there isAnal cracksPerhaps the penetration of microbes in a prostate with a lymphatic current.
But infections do not always lead to the development of the disease.Stagnant phenomena in the vessels of the pelvic region that developwith prolonged abstinence of sexual contacts or a huge number.
Stagnant phenomena are associated withLack of physical activity, constant constant, alcoholism, varicose veins in the pelvic region, hypothermia of the body.
Classification
In urology, various forms of pathology are distinguished, which are their stages of development:
- Qatarhal FormIt is characterized by the appearance of inflammation in the organ, a change in its mucous epithelium.Over time, there is swelling of the gland, a secret of mucus-fumbo gathers in it, contributing to the progression of the disease.
- Then the focal suppression appears.The disease enters the second stage (form) -Form.The urinary ducts narrow or clog, the secret ceases to stand out normally from the organ.The pus can be released on the urinary canal, forming purulent outbreaks there.The cells in the gland change, the prostate continues to swell and increase the size.
- PanechymalIt develops when the organ is completely inflamed, the purulent infection develops in it.In the absence of therapy, small purulent outbreaks merge into a huge, an abscess develops, which usually opens in the urethra, intestines and bladder.In some cases, it is possible to immediately develop this form of pathology when the infection penetrates the interstitial tissue of the organ with blood or lymphatic flow.
Symptoms
Symptoms are pronounced vividly prostatitis.How much the signs will be visible and noticeable will depend on the form (stage) of the disease.The general signs of the disease include the following:
- Pain syndrome when eliminating urine;
- Symptoms of intoxication;
- Pain in the genital region;
- Impulse frequent the bathroom, especially at night;
- Urethra discharges are possible.
As prostatitis progresses in a man, pain syndrome will spread to other areas.This is due to the transmission of impulses by nerve endings.The excretion of urine becomes very painful.Often, at this stage, its sharp delay develops, which is considered a dangerous state, as it can lead to bladder rupture.
Symptoms in acute prostatitis continue to grow.Intense pain in defecation appears, body temperature increases.The prostate increases, dense and painful.Urine will be muddy due to pus and mucus content.
In the last stage, the disease manifests itself strongly.
Body temperature increases a lot, fever and chills, loss of appetite, strong weakness, exhaustion of the body as a whole joins it.The urination can stop completely by trying to go to the bathroom, a man will feel acute pain.This condition is painful, pain syndrome begins to spread throughout the pelvic area.A man cannot find a place for himself, he is forced to lie with compressed limbs.If inflammation spreads to the rectum, the mucus will leave the anus.A yellow-green mucus with a blend of blood is released from the urinary canal.
This condition can causeSepsis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, chronic prostatitis, abscess.In this case, urgent patient hospitalization is required and emergency treatment.
Diagnosis
As the symptoms of acute prostatitis in men appear a lot, the doctor may immediately suspect the pathology.But he needs to perform a complete exam.The rectal examination in this case is strictly against -indicated.
The urologist should determine the stage (form) of the disease using laboratory and instrumental techniques.The doctor takesThe secret of the prostateFor research.It will increase the concentration of leukocytes, which indicates acute inflammation.
So performBlood and urine laboratory tests.Urine is sent to bacteriological sowing for the study, as well as the determination of the pathogen of the infection and its sensitivity to antibacterial drugs.It is also possible:
- PCR to determine STD;
- Urofloometry to identify the severity of violations in the organ;
- A prostate ultrasound to determine the shape and size of the organ, changes in it, the stages of the course of the disease;
- Dopplerometry helps distinguish acute prostatitis from other pathologies;
- The magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvic organs is often prescribed when planning surgical intervention;
- Analysis of spa concentration in the blood;
- Study of Urethra's discharge blows;
- Puncture of body sections with suspected purulent infection and abscess.
Treatment
How to treat acute prostatitis, a urologist will say in detail.The main component of therapy is the antibacterial drug, which is selected according to Bakposev results.For two or three days, the antibiotic begins to help, a person feels much better, the pain begins to decrease.But with this form of disease, these medications need to be taken for a month, even if the symptoms have disappeared completely.
This is also necessary so that the disease does not become a chronic form, which is observed quite often.
When choosing the drug, the doctor takes into account other factors:
- Some products penetrate poorly on the gland tissue;
- Other funds are accumulated in tissues in large quantities.
Treatment of acute prostatitis in men should be based on the use of powerful medications, such as other cases that threaten human life.Usually doctors receive prescribed fluoroquinolones.When using macrolyds, the dose should be large.This is especially true in patients with immunosuppression.
Usually antibiotics are administered using intravenous injections.In the early stages, the disease can be treated at home or outpatient.In this case, bed rest is prescribed, as any energy charge can cause infection to spread and sepsis development.
In combination with antibiotics, the following drugs are also prescribed:
- painkillers;
- antipyretic drugs;
- NSAIDS;
- With intense pain, an opium can be prescribed;
- diuretics to reduce body intoxication;
- laxatives to facilitate defecation;
- Antispasmodic medications to facilitate urine excretion;
- Alpha blockers.
If a man has a sharp delay in the urine, urea catheterization is performed.Frequently, antiandrogens are used to reduce swelling and inflammation in the organ, improve secretion output, normalize blood flow in the gland and reduce the risk of body infection.
It is possible to use hormones, for example estrogen, cold enemas to remove edema and pain.Thermal and massage procedures in this form of disease are strictly prohibited.They can only be used during the recovery period.
Surgical intervention
In the absence of pain, the doctor may suspect the development of the abscess.In this case, surgical intervention is performed to eliminate the areas in which it occurs.Often, use the drainage of the abscess puncture.In severe and extreme cases, the organ is removed.
The operation is prescribed in the presence of an abscess, acute urine delay, a strong pain syndrome, which is not eliminated by any medicine, the appearance of stones and neoplasms, as well as with the ineffectiveness of drug treatment, frequent infections of the genitourinary system, paraproctitis.
The surgeon can use one of the following methods:
- Corpse (transureral resection)It involves the removal of the interior of the organ.Used more often;
- ProstatectomyIt involves partial or complete removal of the organ through an incision in the lower abdomen;
- Laser operation.In this case, the affected areas of the body are removed using a laser;
- Abscess drainageIt is performed through the rectum.Drainage is introduced to the incision through which the pus is pumped;
- To facilitate urine excretion, it is performedTransuretal incisionin the organ.
When the gland tissue structure is restored, its functions are normalized, the prostate secret normalizes its composition, the pathogen will be completely eliminated from the body, we can talk about the healing of prostatitis.
Forecast
During therapy, the prognosis of the disease will be good.Sometimes the negative consequences of acute prostatitis develop.The disease can enter a chronic form, so it will be harder to eliminate.The dangerous consequences of an untreated disease are organ abscess, sepsis and acute urinary retention.In some cases, due to the appearance of complications, death may occur.But usually men do not allow these consequences for the development of such consequences, as they reach the doctor and begin the course of therapy.
Prevention
To avoid prevention, it is necessary to prevent the appearance of predisposing factors.This requires in due course all infections in the body so that they do not become a chronic form and do not become potential infection focuses that will spread to the prostate gland.
When conducting surgical manipulations, the doctor should pay attention to the use of antiseptic.Otherwise, the risk of microbes enters the patient's body.It is important for man and his sexual partner to be addressing STD in due course, and it is better to prevent their appearance.Sex life must occur with a permanent partner, should be regular.
It is necessary to bring a mobile lifestyle, play sports or perform exercise, observe the rules of intimate hygiene.
Men usually resort to doctors in extreme cases.But when negative signs appear, it is better to contact them immediately.This will help to avoid many health problems and even in some cases to save life.